Could be lower than the actual amount.
In July 2025, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated that the recently enacted One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) would increase the national debt by $3.4 trillion over the next ten years. However, the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget (CRFB) and Bipartisan Policy Center (BPC) estimate that when considering interest costs, the OBBBA will add over $4.1 trillion to the debt through fiscal year 2034. Some sources further suggest that if temporary provisions in the bill are made permanent, the debt increase could exceed $5 trillion.